Tobian Language: Tobian words 1968 and 2009

Quackenbush Word List

Tobian words as collected by E.M. Quackenbush and published in his dissertation in 1968 and as collected in 2009, 2010, 2012, and 2013 by Peter W. Black and Barbara W. Black working with Isauro Andrew who provided spelling, pronunciation, and occasional emendations through Word 222, with Nemecio Andrew from Word 223 through Word 300, and with Sisma Andrew from Word 301 to the end.
English	E.M. Quackenbush	Isauro Andrew	Audio	Isauro Andrew’s Notes
1. body	bwoos -ur	poos	03082
2. hand (from wrist down)	gumwėc -yr	pau	03083
3. left (side)	goroceegir	horouchehir	03084
4. right (side)	goromaaga	horoumaha	03085
5. arm, wing	paawy pawyr	pau paururer	03086
6. elbow	gapiripinnipėwy		03087
7. finger	gaat gaatyr // gatt –yr	haat	03088
8. (finger, toe) nail	kky -r	ku	03089	Isauro spelled this as ku; however, he spoke kuripa (spelling by BWB*).
9. leg	guubw -er	huub	03090
10. foot	capacaparibubw -er	chapachaparihuub	03091
11. ankle-bone	capacaparibubw -er	bihinihuub	03092
12. knee	pogomoj –ir	pohomoi	03093
13. thigh	capirigubw	chapirihuub	03094
14. buttocks	gaap –ir	haap	03095
15. bark (of a tree)	giin gin	hin chirihet	03096
16. skin	ryyg –yr	hin	03097	Hin yahamat: layer of tissue. Ruuh: outer layer of anything.
17. blood	cca caar	chaa	03098
18. body hair	motogO -ori	mouhouh	03099	Sounds like: yenchim. Isauro may have thought mouhouh was not correct word.
19. to remove hair, feathers	wyrefi	usus	03100	Usus is not used for people.
20. hair (of the head)	jancimw	enchimei	03101
21. pubic hair	goog -or
22. feather	wyyr	urerimar	03102
23. beard	reebwE -er	eeb	03103
24. sideburns	jarys –er	yarsars	03104
25. wattles		hinfariyet	03105	BWB’s spelling; Isauro did not spell it.
26. comb (chicken)				There is no word for it so we say “The thing on top of the rooster, i.e., men[thing]; pertaining to that thing. This would be true in many cases where no specific word exists.
27. top-knot	gapejA –ar	haper	03106
28. vein	waag –ar	waah	03107
29. head	ciimw –er	chiim	03108
30. neck	wyyg –er	uuh	03109	See 100—full: uuh. Also means wind/lobster/sail.
31. nose	bwawutU -uri	bout	03110
32. mouth	jaw –ar	yaaw	03111	Pronounced yow. In compound words, many lose the longness of the vowel and the spelling will change from, e.g., the double a to a single a.
33. tooth	ngii –r	ngii	03112
34. tongue	reew –er	nunusuruhan	03113	Reew, the old word, is a bad word for tongue; an impolite word. The correct word is nunusuruhan. The nu sound is like nur.
35. lip	tirijaaw tirijawar	tiriyaw	03114
36. throat	wagang –ar	wahang	03115
37. forehead	móóng mėngor	mong	03116
38. ear	taring –er	tering	03117
39. eye	maat matar	maat	03118
40. eyebrow	faat –yr	faat	03119
41. eyelashes	pagyng (ari mat)	pohungerimet	03120
42. face	wóó -r	woo	03121
43. cheek	taap –ar	tap	03122
44. chin	jeet –er	eet	03123
45. back	tagygY –er	tahuhu	03124
46. shoulder	jafag –ar	yafah	03125
47. chest	wuubwA –er
48. rib	cirijėėw –yr	mataringoruhngar	03126
49. belly, abdomen	siij -er	siie	03127	PWB note: question re 56.
50. pubic area	ppyyng	pung	03128
51. navel	wubwut –er	ubut	03129	Also means coconut palm.
52. bald	bwyyr	bur	03130	Isauro added a new word here: chimiebur (03131). Cf. Quackenbush Word List No. 350.
53. brain	gabwubwu –ur	habubu	03132
54. bone	cii –r	chir	03133
55. viscera	taar taan	taar	03134
56. stomach	cygyrymangaw	chuhur mangau	03135	PWB note: question re 49.
57. gall bladder	jaat –ir	yaati	03136
58. liver	jees –er	ess	03137
59. lungs	fagaw –ar	fehewa	03138
60. heart	warugur waruguni	uwaruhur	03139
61. to breathe	ngas	ngas	03140
62. breast (female)	tyyt tyytyr	tut or tuut	03141	Isauro worries about how to spell the tu sound: tut or tuut. Also see 133—color: tooh.
63. milk	cantyyt	chentut	03142
64. boil (n.)	guubw –ur	hubechihichih	03143
65. scar	bwatybwaat –yr	batbaat	03144
66. leprosy	leprosii	abedes	03145	Leprosy: there was no local word. Abedes is borrowed from Palauan where it was likely borrowed from Japan.
67. to smell it	tėėngy	tangutang	03146
68. to hear	gongO	hongohong	03147
69. to see it corrected: to see	mwej / gakóne	maeyahi	03232	Maeyahi does not mean “to see it” but rather “to see.”
70. to laugh	mámári	memer	03233	With several verbs Isauro originally added an initial “e” but then removed it because that “e” adds a pronoun. The “to” is built into the word. For example, he changed ememer to memer.
71. to cry	táátáng -ir	tetengi	03234
72. tear	canimat	chenimat	03152
73. spittle	gutuf	hutuf	03153
74. to vomit	mmwut	muut	03235	Muut—this is a very long u.
75: to belch	gygėg	huhoah	03155	Isauro says the "oa" sound is distinct from the "hu" or "ha" sounds.
76. to hiccup	muteg	muteh	03156
77. blow on it	wuugu	uhuu	03157	Uhuu sounds like "oo hoo"
78. to cough	fagafag	fahafah	03236
79. to drink	ryyr	ruur	03237
80. to eat	mangaw	mangau	03238
81. to bite it	gysy	husuu	03239	Husuu—long u. Sounds like "eh hoo soo."
82. to suck	gamit	hamitii	03240	Hamitii—long i.
83. to swallow it	gapyngy	hapungu	03241	This word, hapungu (the u is light), does not mean “to swallow it,” but rather a small swallow, i.e., clearing throat. A bigger swallow is wohowoh.
84. perspiration	mórór	moror	03164
85. anus	pygyg –er	buhuh	03165
86. excrement	paag –ar	peyah	03166
87. penis	gaaj –ir	hai	03167
88. testicles	sėėr sėėn	soor	03168
89. urine	garėwyrėwy	harorou	03169
90. vagina	bwiij –er	tuuh	03170	Bwiij means any hole. The correct word for vagina is tuuh.
91. to break wind	singO	ngur peyah	03171	SingO is a Sonsorol word according to Isauro. The Tobian word is ngur peyah.
92. fat (adj)	bwataj	butei	03172
93. thin (not fat)	rangiita	auchi	03173	Rengita means emaciated. The Tobian word for thin (not fat) is auchi.
94. thick (object)	masėėsėr	masoasoar	03174
95. thick (liquid)	jeppitO	pito	03175	Very light o. If connected to another word, the ending "o" would be more stressed, e.g., pito:bollard (that to which one ties a ship).
96. thin (object)	marifirif	merifirif	03176
97. hungry	suung	suung	03177	Suung has a long u, as in soon. It means a small hunger like what you feel from morning to noon. Isauro provided two additional words for hungry: maaho (03178) and hachuh (03179). Maaho has a very light o and the meaning is related but more like the hunger you feel when you are given very small servings. Hachuh is a stronger hunger than suung and is the weakness and hunger you feel from fasting or missing meals.
98. thirsty	magawygawy	mahauhau	03180	The first a is very quick and short. The last two syllables sound alike; the stress is on the second syllable.
99. full (stomach)	mat	mat	03181	Full as a stomach.
100. full (box)	wug	uuh	03182	Full as a box. See 30—neck: uuh. Also means wind/lobster/sail.
101: empty	pėwyr	epou	03183
102: blind	ceecabw	chachab	03184
103. deaf	pyyng	pungutering	03185	Isauro says the word requires the addition of tering: ear.
104. sleepy	gatar	hafar
105. taste (n.)	nnar	nar	03186	The n is strong but quick; Isauro wouldn't use two n's because that would be too long a sound.
106. bitter	magat	mahat	03187
107. sour	mwaan	moen	03188
108. sweet	gaag/ nnaw	hah	03189
109. wet	nnėw	nou	03190	Enou sounds like no but nou sounds like nouh—a bit of a gutteral at the end.
110. dry	ppár	per	03191	Cf. No. 142—light (as opposed to heavy): per.
111. small	paacig	pachihi	03192	Almost silent final syllable.
112. big	rap	raap	03193	Very long a.
113. short	mwoc	moch	03194	Sound as in mochi.
114. long	jaraj	erei	03195	This sounds as if it starts with a y but if spelled with y, the y sound would be too strong.
115. narrow	cawycig	chauchihi	03196	Final syllable almost silent.
116. wide	cawyrap	chaurap	03197
117. straight	wuuwer	uuwer	03198	Sounds like oohware.
118. crooked	toforofor	toforofor	03199	Toforofor means very crooked; twisted like an s; many curves. Kau (sounds like gutteral cur) means not straight.
119. fast	reg	rrah	03200	Sounds like ruh.
120. slow	tarag	terah	03202	Terah (Isauro used to spell taruh) means not fast. Chawachaw (sounds like chow a chow) means slow as in late to come or not fast.
121. old	pwes	bes	03222
122. new	tajifėwy	teifou	03223
123. good	mmóg	emoh	03224
124. bad	tamwaawy	tamau	03225
125. ancient	mosuwe	mosuwe	03226
126. strong	pow	poou	03228	Poou—long o sound.
127. weak	mangyc	manguch	03229
128. hard	gomosow	homosowo	03230	Homosowo means hard as in solid. The o is very light.
129. soft	mycagycag	machahuchoh	03231
130. difficult	gamwaar	hamaari	03243	The ending i is almost silent.
131. easy	tágamwaar	teihamaari	03244	Very light i at end.
132. boredom	ngyyc	nguuch	03245
133. color	toog –or	tooh	03246	See 162.
134. blue, green	gawagaw	hawahawo	03247	Very light o. There is a word for blue but not for green.
135. black	gocogoc	hotohoch	03248	This word means the absence of light and is used, e.g., when the sky is dark. Meiseiso means the color black (03249).
136. red	gangagang	hangahang	03250
137. white	bwecebwec	bechebech	03251
138. (coral) lime	bweec	beech	03252	Beech is the old word.
139. yellow	cánjóngocig	cheniyongochihi	03253	Very light final i.
140, smooth (wood)	mmis	miis	03254
141. rough	mwotogaga	matahaha	03255
142. light	pár	per	03256	Cf. No. 110—dry: per.
143. heavy	caw	chou	03257
144. hot	bwec	bechi	03258	Very light i.
145. cold	fėėw	faau	03260	Faau means feeling cold. Hahifou means cold.
146. to die	mes	mes	03261
147. to kill it	fajini/ riij	riie feiin	03262 03263	Feiin: similar to riie but more like murder and not commonly used except for people.
148. to live (reside)	mire	mir	03264
149. to give birth	metág	meteh	03266	Meteh means delivery and is specific to women. Hafasa means to give birth (03265).
150. to be born	fas	ebefas	03267
151. alive	fas	fas	03269	Fas (very sudden and very short a) means in you life continues; there is still life. Echuherifas means still alive (03268)
152. to exist	wor	mir	03270	See 160.
153. to walk	fatar	feter	03271
154. to run	gacáji	hachaichich	03272
155. to swim	jaf	yafaaf	03273
156. to fly	jar	yeyer	03274
157. to play	gokomw	hokoom	03275
158. to sing	mėwygarl	mauhari	03276	You make a song because you’re happy. There is no word for sing. Very light i.
159. dance (n.)	bwagyg –yr	baahuhu	03280	Baahuhu (almost silent u) is a modern word. The old word for dance is poong (03279).
160. to lie down	woro (-tug)	wor	03281	See 152.
161. to sit	maat	mot	03282
162. to stand	syy	suu	03283
163. to sleep	masyg	masuh	03284
164. to wake up	ganná-róg	chimata	03285
165. awaken (tr.)	fangyry	heneroho	03286	Very silent o.
166. to dream	ttar	tar	03287	Sudden a.
167. to know (facts)	gyra	hura	03288
168. to think	mengimeng	mengimeng	03289
169. to remember	mengiij	roromeng	03290
170. to forget	marygeeg	maruhehi	03291	Sudden a; almost silent i.
171. to count (tr.)	wetegi	wetehi	03292
172. to count (int.)	wetewet	wetewet	03293
173. to read	rawyrėw	rauroupepa	03294	There is no word for read; rawyrew is a newer word made up to be clear about, for example, reading paper—rawyrew papa.
174. to write	faryfėrY	farufar	03295
175. to fear	matag –yr	marahu	03296	Almost silent a.
176. pain	matag –ir	hametehi	03297	Almost silent i.
177. craziness	bwuuc –er	buuch	03298
178. anger	soong	soong	03299
179. to quarrel		haangingi	03300
180. to argue	Quackenbush left blank.	hafainiyaua	03301	Almost silent final a. PWB suggested habwobwu(?)—literally barking.
181. to fight	bwuug –or; bwaang –er	fein	03302
182. war	mawur –ur	mauru	03303	Almost silent u.
183. itchy	bwajigeg	beiheih	03304	The bei is sudden.
184. to scratch	gejigeg	ngeng	03305
185. sick	matág	hameteh	03306
186. to swell	bwo	nganga	03307	Nganga is specific to a person. Bwo is more commonly used for earth (a hill).
187. to dig	kker	ker	03308	Very sudden e.
188. a hole	ramaram	ngaat	03309	Ramaram is a hole in the table but not all the way through; ngaat is a hole with a bottom.
189. local name for the language	ramari gatogobwej	Ramari Hatohobei	03311	If you are not in Tobi, ramariforuh (sudden a) (03310) means the island language. It also means my language and that is understood to be Ramari Hatohobei because I am from Tobi.
190. to say	tapa	tapa	03312
191. to speak	raam	raam	03314	Raam means speech or language. Titira (almost silent a) (03313) means to speak.
192. to moan	ngyyngy	ngunguu	03316
193. to scream	gacogong	hachohong	03317	Hachohong means a noise. Kids make noise. Soah (03315) means to scream.
194. to call	fasafas	fasafas	03318	Sudden short a.
195. to call him	fasangy	fasangu
196. to ask	gaasi	hasie	03411	Very light ie.
197. voice	raam	raam	03410
198. truth	gatėės	hatos	03409	Isauro: this is not toh, not tes, but te--. PWB questions the Quackenbush word here.
199. a lie	gȯkȯcow	kochowo	03415	Isauro: very light o. PWB questions the Quackenbush word here.
200. lose something	pyngy (-rȯg)	puhurohot	03408	This also means to die, to lose life. Now the word used is mes.
201. to find	weegi	wehi	03405	Vis a vis light, weeh.
202. to search	gup	kup	03404
203. to buy	paryger	paruher	03403
204. to sell	gamwaaw	hamau	03402
205. to steal	pigaf	pihaf	03401
206. to do	fawyg	fauhu	03400	What are you doing? Metaa ho fafaua?
207. to work	fiteg	fiteh	03396	He's just sitting around. Imotothah. Emotothah.
208. to show	gannag	hanah	03393	Hanaha means to exhibit.
209. to want	tiperi	tiperi	03390	Tip. Emoh tipei means I'm happy. PWB: also mwasari, here listed for Sonsorol.
210. to choose	tiwer	tiwer	03384
211. knife (butcher)	wuwasej	uwasei	03383
212. machete	mwatete	matete	03382
213. pocket-knife	cifennajif	cifenknife	03381	Cifena means fold; can be used with paper.
214. adze (small)	tȧrȧ	topoi	03387	Topoi, the small adze, is carried on a shoulder. Tere is a big adze, usually used for canoes, or for general work.
215. adze handle	pwyngyr tȧrȧ	bung tere	03379 03388	Bung means handle and also means flower. An adze handle is bung tere.
216. sword		uwaseitap	03378
217. spear (fighting)	gasig	hesihi	03377	When fighting with a spear, it is forbidden to use the point. It is forbidden to use any pointed object on a person and would result in banishment. You can use only the handle.
218: spear (fishing)	gasig	hesihi	03377
219. bow	rėėrijang	hasihihabohboh	03389
220. arrow		roryang	03376
221. to cut	sepisep	sepisep	03374
222. to split	tiretir	tiretir	03375

English	E.M. Quackenbush	Nemecio Andrew	Audio	Nemecio Andrew’s Notes
223. to slice	jėwjėwy	jeuyeuy	03453
224. to saw	geege	hehe	03454	Or to cut something.
225. sharp	kkȧng	ekang	03455
226. to sharpen it	kkȧnngiij// tajimi	kangi taimi	03456 03457	Nemecio commented that a choice is available between kangi and taimi.
227. dull	guw	kuu	03458	Deep gutteral k.
228. box	bwaag	bah	03459
229. to jump	rut//nunut	rut nunut	03460 03461	Nunut also means to jump. Context determines whether to use rut or nunut.
230. to climb	gaga-	hahat	03462	Silent t.
231. to fall	mogo-tiw	mohotou	03464	Mohotou and mohotuh have almost the same meaning.
232. to topple	mogo-tug	mohotuh	03465	Mohotou and mohotuh have almost the same meaning.
233. to drop (tr.)	pungy-tug	pungutuh	03466
234. to throw	pejita-rog	peitaroh	03467
235. to beat	wȯwuwewu	uouuou	03468
236. to break	ficingi	fitsingi	03469	Note: the ts could be ch here.
237. to hit (int.)	wȯwuwowu	wowuwowu	03471	Another word for to hit (intr.) is uouou.
237. to hit (tr.)	wȯwutu	wowutu	03472	Another word for to hit (tr.) is uoutu.
238. to shoot	pwese	besi	03474	This word is the same as to point at.
239. to stab	towutow	touh	03475
240. person	jagamat	iahamat	03477
241. man, male	mwaar mwanni	maar	03478	Also mar.
242. woman	fȧjifir	faifir	03480
243. child	gariwejic	hariueits	03481
244. baby	gaaga	haha	03482
245. boy	gariwejic mwaar	hariueich mar	03483
246. girl	gariwejic fȧjifir	hariueich faifir	03484
247. relative	magejag	maheeh	03485
248. spouse	giigi giir	hihi	03486	The ending depends on which personal pronoun is added.
249. sweetheart	gamwag –er	hamah	03487	PWB questions the Quackenbush word. Nemecio says that this is more of a general word.
250. father	taamA –ar	iautehi mar	03488	Nemecio said that taam and sir are very old words, old language and no longer used.
251. mother	sir	iautehi feifir	03489	Nemecio said that taam and sir are very old words, old language and no longer used. Note that here, Nemecio spelled feifir, not faifir.
252. sibling (same sex)	bwisibwis bwisir	bisibis	03490
253. sibling (opposite sex)	mwȧjang mwȧjangar	maiagang	03491
254. wash	was			Nemecio says there is no Tobian word for this.
255. to clean, to tidy up	gaffagej	hafehei	03492
256: to wipe	jamwir	iamir	03493
257. to rub briskly	jȧtijet	iatieh	03494
258. to rub gently	jȧtijet	iatieh	03494
259. to bathe	tyyty	tutu	03495	To bathe yourself. Nemecio uses hahutu to bathe another person.
260. to bring	gasi (-tog)	hasito	03497	Hasito means you tell me to bring it. Hasi means I tell you to take it.
261. to hold it	gamwacy	hamatsi	03499
262. morning	nimarijer	nimarier	03500
263. evening	nifagaaf	nifahaf	03501
264. night	bwoong –ir	nibong	03502
265. day	gaarI garir	nihar	03503
266. today	gannej	niahara	03504
267. tomorrow	warasy	uarasu	03505
268. day after tomorrow	mijisaganwarasy	maisehen uarasu	03506
269. yesterday	rarow	rarou	03507
270. day before yesterday	gannewe/ mȧjisaganrarow	haneue maisehen rarou	03508
271. daytime	nigaar	nihar	03509	See No. 265.
272. age/ year	jaatO/ masirap	/ masirab	03511	Nemecio does not know the old word for age: jaato. Masirab means year or age depending on the context.
273. to come	bwuu-thog	bito	03512
274. to go	rȯg	biroh	03513
275. to return	wėgi	uehitafar	03514
276. to turn around (tr.)	sygyn	suhun	03515
277. to turn around (int)	wėgiteg	suhunuroh	03516
278. to turn (change direction)	sygyn	suhun	03515
279. turn it over	sygyn	suhun	03515
280. pull it	jȧfis	jafisi	03517
281. pull hand over hand	jȧfijef	iafief	03518
282. to pluck	wusuw	usu	03519
283. push it	tiingi	tingi	03520
284. rope, canoe rope	taar tȧnwa	tari	03521	large rope
285. to tie	gėėgė	horohor	03522
286. a knot	bwugobwug	buhobuh	03523
287. wrap it	tygytygyg	tuhutuh	03524
288. to burn (intr.)	gyy	fisifis	03525
289. burn (tr.)	gyy	hahuh	03526
290. ashes	farang	farang	03527
291. fire	jaafl	iaf	03528
292. smoke	bwugog	buhoh	03529
293. water	caar	tsar	03530
294. the sea	taat tattir	tati	03531
295. ocean	mataw	matau	03532
296. salt	soor	sor	03533	Note: there was no salt on Tobi Island in ifiri mosuwe.
297. wind	janngl	iangi	03534
298. to blow (wind)	pagas	pahas	03535
299. correct	bwyng	ebung	03536
300. incorrect		etabung	03537

English	E.M. Quackenbush	Sisma Andrew	Audio	Sisma Andrew’s Notes
301. near	gagep	hahep	03538
302.far	taawA	tao	02120	Speaker: Isauro Andrew
303. to flow	sag	sahewo	03540
304. to float	mamaar	mamar	03541	Long second a.
305. to sink	tuubw	tuburo	03542
306. to drown	mabw	emabu
307. to squeeze	fijengi	fiefi	01953	Speaker: Isauro Andrew
308. to wring it	wȯngyty	wonguwong	01955	Speaker: Isauro Andrew
309. to pound food	syys	sus	03544
310. food-pounder	faar	faru	03546
311. to string	faat	hoho		This is questionable according to Sisma. Faat means eyebrow. See No. 40.
312. twist it	fingifing	fingiti	03547
313. to braid	figeg	fiheh	01957	Speaker: Isauro Andrew
314. to plait	fasyfės	fasufos	03548
315. to weave	tėttėg	tetei	03549	To weave net or cloth.
316. to help, to help him	tapatap	tapangi	03115	Speaker: Isauro Andrew
317. to put, to put down	jitar	itetiho	03550
318. to open it	suugi	suhi	03551
319. to close	piresi	piresi	03552
320. mat	coobw	tapaho	01076	Woven mat. Speaker: Justin Andrew
321. loin-cloth	mȧcij	tah	03553
322. sarong (Carolinian lava lava)	jepp	machi	03554
323. hat:	pėgyng	puhung	03555
324. sennit	gorogor	horohor	03556	Coconut fiber twine.
325. sew, sew it	tejiteji teejis	tetei	03557
326. clothing	wyyf	ufe	03558
327. head garland	mweeg, mwaag	mahe	03559
328: rotten	bwa	etamau bour	03561	Bour: smell or odor of any kind.
329. smelly	bwėwy	etaimo bour	03562
330. fragrant	je mmȯg bwėwyr	boutihitih	03563
331. beautiful (scenery)	tajifėw	emoh	03564
332. beautiful (woman)	tajifėw	emoh	03564
333. variegated	mwagereger
334. plant (general term)	fatog	fato	03565
335. to plant it	fatogi	fotohi	03566
336. mud	bwitbwit	bor	03567
337. soil	mecȯg/ bwėėr	mochou	03568
338. garden	maat			A Japanese or Palauan word is used in place of this word for garden.
339. branch, tree branch	ra, raari ciriget	harichirihet	03570	Ra means toward or the one already . . . .
340. thorn	cii -r
341. tree	ciriget	chirihet	01778	Speaker: Isauro Andrew
342. trunk	* gagar	heher	03571
343. stick	tebweriga	teberiha	01780	Speaker: Isauro Andrew
344. seed	bwigir	bihir	03572
345. flower	bwyyng -yr	bung	03379	Speaker: Isauro Andrew
346. leaf	wyyn wynni	un *unchirihet	03574 01784	Speaker: Sisma Andrew Speaker: Isauro Andrew
347. root	wagag –ar	wahahu	03583
348. fruit	wuwa	uuar	03584
349. grass	fatir	fetiri	01808	Speaker: Isauro Andrew
350. dirty	ppwėrY	bur	03585	Cf. Quackenbush Word List No. 52.
351. dust	ppwėrY	ebur	03586
352. rubbish, garbage	pees	pesipesi	01734	Speaker: Isauro Andrew
353. pebble	fasymwag	fas	03582	Cf. Quackenbush Word List No. 151.
354. rock	faas fasyri	fas	03582
355. sand	piij pijer	pie	03588
356. mountain	suug -ur	suuh	03581	Hill.
357. road	jaarE	yare	03589
358. river	waaw	wau	01718	Speaker: Isauro Andrew. Sisma says there is no Tobian word for river.
359. lagoon		roau	01722	Speaker: Isauro Andrew. Sisma says there is no Tobian word for lagoon.
360. harbor	pasec// goof	pases	03590
361. valley	romȯrȯng			Sisma says there is no Tobian word for valley.
362. channel	pasec	ranipases	03591
363. deep	ttO	etorong	03593
364. shallow	pet	epet	03592
365. high tide	sėgyrap	ebuh	03594	Sisma Andrew: ocean high tide: ebuh tati. Cf. nibuhu.
366. low tide	cingicing	echingichi	03596	Sisma Andrew: ocean low tide: echingchitati. Cf. ichingiching.
367. wave	raaw	yahu	03598	Cf. roraparap, nunda.
368. outside	ryyg	nihatam	03599
369. island	tagaw	faruh	03600
370. land	faryg	faruh	03600
371. reef	gooc –or	hoch	03602
372. coral	rangit	rengit	03603
373. earth (not heaven)	farygyrjagamat	bwo
374. north	jijefangI	iyafang	00839	Speaker: Sebastian Marino. Note this audio clip includes north, south, east, and west.
375. south	jijėwyg	iyouh	00839	Speaker: Sebastian Marino. Note this audio clip includes north, south, east, and west.
376. east	jiryg	iruh	00839	Speaker: Sebastian Marino. Note this audio clip includes north, south, east, and west.
377. west	jirotowA	irotowo	01372	Speaker: Isauro Andrew. Cf. matoho.
378. moon	magam	maham	01698	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
379. sky	jewygaar	yauheri	01694	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
380. sun	jaar	yaro	01790	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
381. star	fiis	fis	01700	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
382. cloud	gocow	hochou	01794	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
383. lightning	fisijer	fisiyeri	01324	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
384. thunder	paag	paah	01323	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
385. rain	wyyt	yauchuch	01322	Light rain. Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
386. dew	worogaw			Sisma says there is no Tobian word for dew.
387. pillow	wyryng -er	urung
388. house	jiimw –er	iim	03605
389. roof, thatch	jaasO -or	yasu	03606	Silent u.
390. doorway	gatam	hatatam	03607
391. house pillar	syyg -er	suuh	03608	Cf. No. 356.
392. ridge-pole	wuung	uung	03609
393. plank	paap –er	pesiteberiha	03618
394. men’s house	faar	imehemar	03619	Silent h.
395. menstrual house	jimweripėr	imehefaifir	03620
396. name	jiit	it	01692	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
397. chief	tamwoor -ur	tamor	03621
398. taboo	taabw	etabu	03622	Silent u.
399. church	jikereesija	keresia	00860	Speaker: Paulina Theodore.
400. soul:	ngėėr	ngoru	03623	Silent u.
401. ghost, god	jarus	yarus	03624	This means ghost, not god.
402. shadow	nyyg/ jawung	yaungar	03625
403. image, doll	rijos			Sisma says this is not a Tobi word.
404. a tatoo	mȧȧk	mek	03626
405. a grave	riibw	ribe	03627	Long i and silent e.
406. animal	maar	mar	01756	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
407. bird	‘animal’/marjejer	maryeyer	01766	Speaker: Isauro Andrew. See the Quackenbush Word List No. 406.
408. egg	cagaj	chehei	01776	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
409. tail	paac	pach	01663	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
410. nest	gafat	hafat	03628
411. to hatch (int.)	gattawa	barangahi	03630	Broken egg. Silent hi.
412. hatch (tr.)	coco	coco	03632	Chicken.
413. food (classifier)	gar-
414. to cook	gaaw/ gamėėt	cook		Sisma says this word is only used, e.g., cook rice, cook coco.
415. to boil	gabwec	habech charubech	03629
416. cooking house	mwurumw	imericook	03635
417. plate, bowl	tapijE	tapie	03636	Plate.
418. meal	fitigU	sibemangau	03637
419. fat	kiriis	kiris	01812	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
420. to smoke (fish)	fang	eihefang	03638
421. earth oven	wuumw	fangi	03639
422. coconut milk	jėngėg	hangahucho	03640
423. coconut grater (stand type)	perig	perrih	03643
424. coconut husking stick	jawyfer	yaufer	03642
425. coconut syrup	riicO	richo	01192
426. toddy (fermented)	gaci/ gacimwȧnn	hachiimen	03645
427. toddy (sweet)	gaci	hachii	03644
428. ship	wafaryg	wafaru	03646
429. canoe	wa waar	uatur	03647
430. outrigger boom	gijȯ
431. outrigger float	taam -ar	tamariwa	03659
432. paddle	fatyr	fatur	03650
433. mast	gawys -yr	haus	03653
434.bailer	riim –er	hamatariwa	03651
435. conch-shell trumpet	tawi tawijer	habubutawi	03652
436. sail	wyyg	uh	01754	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
437. fish	jiig -er	ih	01335	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
438. to fish	saji-róg/ fita	fita	01337	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
439. dorsal fin	jiingI	hasu
440. fish hook	gaawy	hau	03654
441. fish line	jaaw	yaw	03655
442. fish pole	bwaaw	bau	03656
443. fish bait	ppa	parih	03657
444. fish trap	bwejowu
445. allophylus timorensis	ngėėwy
446. arrowroot:	mwėgymwėg
447. bamboo	paabwu			Sisma says there is no Tobian word for bamboo.
448. banana	wiic	wich
449. Barringtonia	guur
450. betel nut	bwug	buuh	03210	Speaker: Isauro Andrew. Cf. to fight. Sisma says there is no betelnut on Tobi.
451. breadfruit	maaj	mai	03660
452. Calophyllum inophyllum
453. cordia subcordata
454. clerodendrum inerme
455. hernandia sonora
456. hibiscus tilliaceus	girifėwy	hirifou	03661	Sisma says this is found on Tobi but is not really hibiscus.
457. lemon	gurugur	huruhur	03662	Sisma says there is no lemon on Tobi.
458. mango	mangka	mangka	03664	Sisma says there is no mango on Tobi.
459. mangrove	gabwuurys			Sisma says there is no mangrove on Tobi.
460. moss	ruumw			Sisma says there is no moss on Tobi.
461. pandanus	faac	pohuu	00833	Speaker: Sebastian Marino.
462. papaya	bwabwaaj	babai	03665
463. pisonia grandis	mwoog
454. plumeria	moow	plumeria		Sisma says there is no plumeria on Tobi.
465. polypodium phymatodes	cici
466. premna corymbosa	jaag
467. scaevola	gamȧg
468. spider lily	gijobwU
469. sugar cane	sukoo kejin
470. cythosperma	bwurȯg
471. ipomea	tumuco
472. turmeric plant	cawyrijȯng	choriyong	03666
473. turmeric powder	gaang	heng	03667
474. breadfruit sap	bwyyr	bur mai	03668
475. coconut tree	ryyg	ruh	03669
476. coconut “cloth”	wyyr	ur	03770
477. coconut shell	tagȯg	tahahu	03771
478. coconut sponge	faag
479. coconut leaf (unopened spear)	wubwut	ubut	03773
480. copra	coow	kabure	03774
481. barracuda	bwawyg	bauh	00921	Speaker: Marcus Hangaripaii
482. bonito	gangaap	hangap	03775
483. crevalle	ragyng	rahung	03776
484. flying fish	mangag	mangah
485. porcupine fish	tawys	tausu	03777
486. puffer fish	wuus	huus
487. ray fish	fajija	fai	00906	Speaker: Marcus Hangaripaii
488. red snapper	moos	moos	03778
489. shark	pogow	paho	00899	Speaker: Marcus Hangaripaii
490. yellowfin tuna	taguw	tahuu	03779
491. moray eel	rabwut	rabut	01770	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
492. lobster	wyyg	uh	01754	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
493. octopus	garagiitA	harahita	03781
494. porpoise	jygecig
495. Portuguese man of war	rimwotong	rimotong	03782
496. turtle	wėėr	war	03783
497. whale	gaasO	hasu	03784
498. ant	wuwec	uwech	01385
499. cow, beef	karabwawi			Sisma says there is no Tobian word for this; English is used.
500. butterfly	gaabwyg	habebi	01383
501. centipede	ripagaarI	fichor	03785
502. chicken	kooko	hayang	01329	Speaker: Isauro Andrew. Peter Black adds: liiywm?
503. dog	piris	piris	01760	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
504. fly	raang	rong	03786
505. fruitbat	warig	warihi	03787	Silent i.
506. louse	gyys	hoas		Lice.
507. mosquito	raamw	ramu	03788	Silent u.
508. rat	geec	hachechih	01762	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
509. pig	pejig	pehi	03789
510. spider	ritobwugaaga	yore	01386
511. maggot	jiirO	pahanong	03790
512. Sunday	gansȧn	hansen	00802	Speaker: Justin Andrew.
513. Monday	mwatagerifiteg	metahen fiteh	00803	Speaker: Justin Andrew.
514. Tuesday	gagygegȧnfiter	hahuhahen fiteh	00804	Speaker: Justin Andrew.
515. Wednesday	gasėrygėnfiteg	hasuruhen fiteh	00805	Speaker: Justin Andrew.
516. Thursday	gafagȧnfiteg	hafahen fiteh	00806	Speaker: Justin Andrew.
517. Friday	garimegȧnfiteg	harimahen fiteh	00807	Speaker: Justin Andrew.
518. Saturday	gȧnsabwor	hansabor	00808	Speaker: Justin Andrew.
519. a circle	taguun	tahun	01836	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
520. one	seew	sewo	01200	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
521. two	guwow	huwou	01201	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
522. three	sėruw	soruo	01202	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
523. four	faaw	fauwo	01203	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
524. five	rimow	rimuo	01204	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
525. six	worow	worouo	01205	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
526. seven	fisuw	fisuo	01206	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
527. eight	waruw	waruo	01207	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
528. nine	tiwow	tiwouo	01208	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
529. ten	sejig	seih	01209	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
530. twenty	gygejig	huheih	01212	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
531. thirty	seriig	seriho	01214	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
532. forty	fasjig	faih	01215	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
533. fifty	rimejig	rimeih	01216	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
534. sixty	worojig	woreih	01217	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
535. seventy	fisiig	fisih	01218	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
536. eighty	wariig	warih	01219	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
537. ninety	tiwejig	teweih	01220	Tiweih. Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
538. hundred	bwuguj	subuhuh	01221	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
539. thousand		sahangas	03792
540. one-animate	samar	samaru samar	01268	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
541. two-animate	gygamar	huhamaru huhamar	01269 01872	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
542. three-animate	sėrymėr	sorumaru sorumor	01270 01875	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
543. four-animate	faamar	famaru	01271	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
544. five-animate	riimar	rimaru	01272	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
545. six-animate	woromar	woromaru woromar	01273 01880	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
546. seven-animate	fisimėr	fisimaru fisimar	01274 01882	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
547. eight-animate	warimėr	warimaru warimar	01275 01884	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
548. nine-animate	tiwėmar	tiwomaru tiwomar	01276 01886	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
549. ten-animate	‘ten’	seihetiho yahamat	01294	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
550. on	wȯ	iwor	03793
551. among	jiwėry-
552. at	jiryg-	homir	03794
553. in it	ran	itonei	03795
554. all	wuruto	urutar	02140	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
555. because	bwanacag	banachah	02130	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
556. if	wuun	ngaesa	02132	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
557. no	nawer	nawer	03796
558. yes	wyynga	unga	03797 00859	Speaker: Sebastian Marino
559. now	jigara	mehera	03798
560. some	tėėtA	pahur	03799
561. many	pippij	epipie	03800
562. who	jitėw	itou	00858	Speaker: Sebastian Marino
563. what	meta	mata	03801	Cf. meta.
564. where	jija	iya	00857	Speaker: Sebastian Marino
565. adzed-object (classifier)	faraaj-	farafar	03803
566. drink (classifier)	rym-	ruru	03804	Silent u.
567. animate-object (classifier)	* rawyr
568. when	jingȧȧt	inget	02095	Speaker: Isauro Andrew.
569. and (connecting items in a series	mė in all languages; vowel highly variable	ma	03805	Cf. ma:to be ashamed.
570. and (connecting clauses)	ngė in all languages; vowel highly variable	titinap	03806
571. not (prefix)	T- (see Table 7) in all languages; vowel varies with phonological context	tamasun mai	03808
Independent Pronouns
Singular 1	ngaang		03809	Speaker: Sisma Andrew
Singular 2	geer		03810	Speaker: Sisma Andrew
Singular 3	giij		03811	Speaker: Sisma Andrew
Plural 1 (inc.)	giic		03812	Speaker: Sisma Andrew
Plural 1 (exc.)	ngaamem		03813	Speaker: Sisma Andrew
Plural 2	ngaami		03814	Speaker: Sisma Andrew
Plural 3	jiig
Subject Pronouns
Singular 1	jij
Singular 2	go
Singular 3	je
Plural 1 (inc.)	si
Plural 1 (exc.)	gowu
Plural 2	gawy
Plural 3	ge

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Updated: September 3, 2020